Table 1 A summary of risk factors associated with post-JRS SSI

Patient’s factors

 1. Gender and age

 1. BMI and obesity

 1. Weight control

 2. Primary diagnosis

 2. Nutritional status

 2. Corresponding dietary support

 3. ASA class

 3. Comorbidities (diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, asymptomatic bacteriuria, peripheral vascular disease, chronic skin disease)

 3. Perioperative blood glucose control, optimization of patients’ comorbidities

 4. Living habits (smoking, alcohol abuse)

 4. Reduced tobacco and alcohol dependence

Surgery-related factors

 1. Preoperative skin preparation

 1. Iodine-alcohol or chlorhexiodine for preoperative skin prepration

 2. Prolonged duration of surgery and one-stage bilateral JRS

 2. Control of the sterility during the operation, shortening of operation time and minimization of the trauma

 3. Glove changes

 3. Glove changes

 4. Antibiotic prophylaxis

 4. Reasonable antibiotic prophylaxis

 5. Antibacterial preparations for topical use

 5. Application of ciNPWT

 6. Wound management

 6. The choice of chemical thromboprophylaxis

 7. Postoperative hematoma

Doctors, hospitals and other factors

 1. Socioeconomic factors

 1. Preoperative staphylococcus aureus screening and decolonization

 1. Active nasal Staphylococcus aureus screening and decolonization

 2. Seasonal factors

 2. Doctor’s operation volume and experience

 2. Strict aseptic dressing change after operation, regular follow-up, and timely management of postoperative complications