Table 1 Indications and contraindications for single-stage revision
Institutes | Indications | Contraindications |
|---|---|---|
First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi [15] | Good soft tissue No active systemic sepsis Non-severely immuno-compromised host | Active systemic infection Infection involving neurovascular bundles and peripheral vascular disease |
Universitätsmedizin Berlin [16] | Good soft tissue No massive bone loss Prior revisions less than 2 times | Difficult-to-treat pathogens |
Endo-Klinik Hamburg [17] | Known pathogen Pathogen susceptible to antibiotics | Prior failed revisions more than 2 times Infection involving neurovascular bundles Sinus tract with unidentified pathogen |
University College of London Hospital [18] | Known pathogen Pathogen susceptible to antibiotics Good soft tissue | Significant bone loss Peripheral vascular disease Immuno-compromised host Concurrent sepsis Systemic disease Polymicrobial infection |
2018 International Consensus Meeting [19] | Known pathogen Pathogen susceptible to antibiotics Good soft tissue Absence of massive bone loss | Immuno-compromised host Active systemic infection Radical debridement not possible Local antimicrobial treatment not possible |
Infectious Disease Society of America [20] | Known pathogen Pathogen susceptible to antibiotics with oral bioavailability Good soft tissue No massive bone loss No bone graft needed Antibiotic-loaded bone cement applied for fixation | No prior two-stage revision |