Patellar resurfacing and kneeling ability after total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review

Arthroplasty

Table 3 Summary of study characteristics including description of primary outcome (kneeling) measurement

Study	Mean follow up (months)	Mean age (years)	Number of patients	Number of knees	Resurfacing					Non-resurfacing					PROM —kneeling	Clinical assessment of kneeling
Study	Mean follow up (months)	Mean age (years)	Number of patients	Number of knees	Number of patients	Mean age (years)	Male	Female	Follow up (months)	Number of patients	Mean age (years)	Male	Female	Follow up (months)	PROM —kneeling	Clinical assessment of kneeling
Huish Jr et al (2020) [23]	NR	66.5	84	NR	56	67.8	20	36	Mean = 48	28	63.8	6	22	Mean = 57	Questionnaire^a	No
Rooks et al (2020) [24]	NR	67.8	420	NR	242	NR	NR	NR	NR	178	NR	NR	NR	NR	Questionnaire^b	No
Sangoi et al (2020) [25]	NR	NR	104	NR	62	65.2	NR	NR	Mean = 54.9	42	65.8	NR	NR	Mean = 74.5	OKS (Q5 + 7 + 12)	No
Wilding et al (2019) [26]	39.6	71.6	79	100	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR	Questionnaire^c	Yes^f
Albrecht et al (2016) [27]	65.6	66.3	66	71	51	67	26	35	NR	20	64.6	12	8	NR	KOOS (SP5)	No
Baker et al (2014) [28]	NR	NR	23,393	NR	8103	69.6	3180	4923	Median = 6.5	15,290	69.5	6990	8300	Median = 6.5	OKS (Q7)	No
Garneti et al (2008) [29]	NR	NR	121	142	76	71	34	42	Mean = 33	66	74	30	36	Mean = 18	Questionnaire^d	No
Palmer et al (2002) [30]	30	66	75	100	35	NR	NR	NR	NR	65	NR	NR	NR	NR	Questionnaire^e	Yes^g

PROM Patient reported outcome measure, NR Not reported, Q Question, OKS Oxford Knee Score, KOOS Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, CKRS Clinical Knee Rating System, VAS Visual Analog Scale
^aSubjective ability to kneel with ability to kneel defined as patient reporting they could kneel easily, with little or moderate difficulty, and inability to kneel was defined as patients reporting moderate or extreme difficulty kneeling
^bPatients contacted by telephone to participate in a structured questionnaire, including questions regarding ability to kneel (yes/no) and follow-up (if no-, why not)
^cPatients asked via questionnaire if able to kneel before and after TKA
^dPatients self-reporting their ability to kneel
^ePatients were asked about ability to kneel and to record level of pain 0–10. Two groups emerged: those able to kneel without pain or with only mild pain (score 0–4) and those unable to kneel because of pain in the knee (score 5–10)
^fPatients were asked to kneel on padded examination couch and then onto a pillow on the floor. Degree of flexion achievable was recorded
^gPatients were asked to demonstrate kneeling on a hard surface

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