Table 1 Summary of all studies included in the systematic review
Author, year | Country | Study design | No. of subjects | Surgery | Determination of FSS | Baseline FSS characteristics (n) | Outcome measures | Follow-up (mean) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ayers, 2013 [43] | USA | prospective cohort | 180 | TKA | Oswestry questionnaire | Low back pain (89) | 1) SF-36 physical functioning | 6Â months |
Bedard, 2017 [26] | USA | retrospective cohort | 37,393 | THA | medical record | Myalgia (5,332); back pain (17,787) | 1) postoperative opioid refills | 1Â year |
Bedard, 2017 [27] | USA | retrospective cohort | 73,959 | TKA | medical record | Myalgia (10,137); back pain (27,705) | 1) postoperative opioid refills | 1Â year |
Bedard, 2018 [35] | USA | retrospective cohort | 4,205 | UKA | medical record | Myalgia (534); back pain (1,419) | 1) postoperative opioid refills | 1Â year |
Bican, 2011 [53] | USA | case control (matched) | 118 | TKA | medical record | Fibromyalgia (59) | 1) postoperative satisfaction; 2) SF-36 | 3.4Â years |
Boyle, 2014 [36] | UK | retrospective cohort (matched) | 345 | TKA | medical record | Low back pain (40) | 1) OKS; 2) American KSS; 3) SF-12 | 2Â years |
Brummett, 2013 [44] | USA | prospective cohort | 519 (233 TKA, 286 THA) | TKA, THA | 2011 ACR survey criteria | High FMSS (147); Moderate FMSS (199); Low FMSS (170) | 1) postoperative opioid use | NA |
Cancienne, 2018 [37] | USA | retrospective cohort | 113,337 | TKA | medical record | Fibromyalgia (24,920); back pain (69,908); migraines (7,753) | 1) prolonged postoperative narcotic use | 1Â year |
Clement, 2013 [45] | UK | prospective cohort | 2,392 | TKA | self-reported | Low back pain (829) | 1) OKS; 2) SF-12; 3) patient satisfaction | 1Â year |
Clement, 2018 [38] | UK | retrospective cohort | 2,589 | TKA | self-reported | Low back pain (1,309) | 1) knee stiffness | 1Â year |
Collados-Maestre, 2016 [46] | Spain | prospective cohort (matched) | 144 | TKA | medical record, self-reported | Low back pain (48) | 1) SF-12; 2) WOMAC; 3) VAS for satisfaction; 4) KSS | min. of 2Â years |
Cregar, 2021 [39] | USA | retrospective cohort | 106,874 | TKA | medical record | Fibromyalgia (15,419) | 1) LOA (1Â year); 2) Revision (2Â years) | min. of 2Â years |
D’Apuzzo, 2012 [40] | USA | retrospective cohort | 110 | TKA | medical record | Fibromyalgia (110) | 1) American KSS; 2) Surgical complications; 3) Revision rate | 7 years |
Escobar, 2007 [47] | Spain | prospective cohort | 640 | TKA | self-reported from a questionnaire | Low back pain (411) | 1) WOMAC; 2) SF-36 | 6Â months |
Hansen, 2017 [41] | Australia | retrospective cohort | 15,020 | TKA | medical record | Low back pain (349) | 1) chronic opioid use | 1Â year |
Inacio, 2016 [42] | Australia | retrospective cohort | 9,525 | THA | medical record | Migraines (28); back pain (1,367) | 1) chronic opioid use | 1Â year |
Kim, 2017 [28] | USA | retrospective cohort | 57,545 (39,418 TKA, 18,127 THA) | TKA, THA | medical record | Fibromyaglia (4,719); back pain (23,478); migraines (4,546) | 1) persistent opioid use | 1Â year |
Loth, 2017 [29] | UK | retrospective cohort | 251 | THA | self-reported | Low back pain (135) | 1) OHS; 2) FJS-12; 3) SF-12 | 1Â year |
Mehta, 2015 [48] | Canada | prospective cohort | 494 | TKA | self-reported (survey) | Low back pain (399) | 1) Pain and Function/Daily Activity KOOS subscales | 1Â year |
Moore, 2019 (a) [31] | USA | retrospective cohort (matched) | 305,510 | TKA | medical record | Fibromyalgia (152,755) | 1) readmission rates; 2) total costs; 3) total reimbursements; 4) net losses for surgical and medical complications | 90Â days |
Moore, 2019 (b) [30] | USA | retrospective cohort (matched) | 305,510 | TKA | medical record | Fibromyalgia (152,755) | 1) Medical complications | 90Â days |
Namba, 2018 [32] | USA | retrospective cohort | 23,726 | TKA | medical record | Fibromyalgia (381); back pain (2,754); migraines (332); chronic tension headaches (124) | 1) number of postoperative opioid prescriptions | 1Â year |
Prentice, 2019 [49] | USA | retrospective cohort | 12,560 | THA | medical record | Fibromyalgia (122); back pain (2,248); migraines (123); chronic tension headaches (54) | 1) number of postoperative opioid prescriptions | 1Â year |
Quintana, 2009 [50] | Spain | prospective cohort | 788 | THA | medical record | Back pain (402) | 1) SF-36; 2) WOMAC | 2Â years |
Sheth, 2020 [51] | USA | prospective cohort | 258 | TKA, THA | 2011 ACR survey criteria, medical record | Fibromyalgia (8); back pain (61) | 1) prolonged opioid use | 90Â days |
Skrejborg, 2019 [33] | Denmark | consecutive cohort | 352 | TKA | medical record | Fibromyalgia (6) | 1) NRS for pain | 5Â years |
Sodhi, 2019 [34] | USA | retrospective cohort (matched) | 305,510 | TKA | medical record | Fibromyalgia (152,755) | 1) Surgical complications | NA |
Sullivan, 2009 [52] | Canada | prospective cohort | 75 | TKA | questionnaire, self-reported | Back pain (37) | 1) WOMAC | 6Â weeks |