Table 1 Phenotypic characteristics of the study participants
Parameters | BMI ≥ 30 | BMI < 30 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
KOA patients \(\overline{{\text{X}} }\) ± SD/% (n) | Controls \(\overline{{\text{X}} }\) ± SD/% (n) | P | KOA patients \(\overline{{\text{X}} }\) ± SD/% (n) | Controls \(\overline{{\text{X}} }\) ± SD/% (n) | P | |
n | 255 | 167 | - | 245 | 433 | - |
Age, years (min–max) | 52.55 ± 5.48 | 53.54 ± 6.15 | 0.12 | 52.84 ± 5.88 | 52.88 ± 6.81 | 0.79 |
Men/Women | 33.73 (86) / 66.27 (169) | 38.92 (65) / 61.08 (102) | 0.33 | 49.80 (122) / 50.20 (123) | 40.65 (176) / 59.35 (257) | 0.03 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 34.50 ± 3.50 | 32.72 ± 2.32 | 0.0001 | 26.33 ± 2.32 | 25.00 ± 2.15 | < 1 × 10–6 |
Height, cm | 167.89 ± 7.23 | 166.78 ± 7.67 | 0.20 | 170.57 ± 8.23 | 169.23 ± 7.56 | 0.02 |
Alcohol (yes) | 76.08 (194) | 76.05 (127) | 1.00 | 77.14 (189) | 75.06 (325) | 0.61 |
Smoker (yes) | 25.10 (64) | 22.16 (37) | 0.56 | 24.49 (60) | 21.48 (93) | 0.42 |
Hereditary burden (yes)a | 36.86 (94) | 5.99 (10) | 0.0005 | 41.22 (101) | 15.94 (69) | 0.0005 |
Occupation-related physical workload | ||||||
Low | 16.08 (41) | 38.92 (65) | 0.0005 | 20.82 (51) | 39.03 (169) | 0.0005 |
Medium | 53.33 (136) | 44.91 (75) | 0.11 | 46.94 (115) | 45.27 (196) | 0.73 |
High | 30.59 (78) | 16.17 (27) | 0.002 | 32.24 (79) | 15.70 (68) | 0.0005 |
Leisure time physical activity | ||||||
Little | 68.63 (175) | 59.28 (99) | 0.06 | 70.61 (173) | 56.58 (245) | 0.001 |
Irregular | 24.71 (63) | 28.74 (48) | 0.42 | 25.31 (62) | 31.18 (135) | 0.13 |
Regular | 6.66 (17) | 11.98 (20) | 0.09 | 4.08 (10) | 12.24 (53) | 0.002 |
Concomitant pathology, % (n) | ||||||
Digestive system | 11.37 (29) | 5.39 (9) | 0.05 | 12.65 (31) | 10.62 (46) | 0.50 |
Cardiovascular system | 35.29 (90) | 14.97 (25) | 0.0005 | 38.37 (94) | 19.17 (83) | 0.0005 |
Senitourinary system | 4.71 (12) | 9.58 (16) | 0.08 | 6.94 (17) | 4.39 (19) | 0.21 |
Central nervous system | 12.16 (31) | 10.18 (17) | 0.64 | 8.57 (21) | 8.08 (35) | 0.94 |
Musculoskeletal system | 10.20 (26) | 0 (0) | 0.0006 | 5.31 (13) | 0 (0) | 0.0005 |
Endocrine system | 11.37 (29) | 8.98 (15) | 0.53 | 8.98 (22) | 5.54 (24) | 0.12 |
Respiratory system | 11.76 (30) | 8.98 (15) | 0.46 | 11.84 (29) | 9.70 (42) | 0.46 |